伸缩棚的施工方法及工艺流程

　　Construction method and process flow of retractable shed

　　伸缩棚的施工方法及工艺流程可分为以下五个核心步骤，结合权威信息整理如下：

　　The construction method and process flow of the retractable shed can be divided into the following five core steps, which are summarized based on authoritative information as follows:

　　一、施工前准备

　　1、 Preparation before construction

　　选址与设计

　　Site selection and design

　　确定安装位置，测量遮挡范围，根据防风等级、负载需求选择型号（如果园避雨棚需抗风≥8级、雪载≥0.3kN/㎡）。

　　Determine the installation location, measure the coverage range, and select the model based on the wind resistance level and load requirements (if the garden rain shelter needs to withstand wind resistance ≥ 8 levels and snow load ≥ 0.3kN/㎡).

　　材料与工具准备

　　Preparation of materials and tools

　　选择耐腐蚀、轻便的材料（如热镀锌钢管、铝合金），准备膨胀螺栓、水平仪等工具。

　　Choose corrosion-resistant and lightweight materials (such as hot-dip galvanized steel pipes, aluminum alloys), and prepare tools such as expansion bolts and level gauges.

　　二、基础工程

　　2、 Basic Engineering

　　地基处理

　　ground improvement

　　按独立柱基础+地梁设计，浇筑C30混凝土基础，预埋M30地脚螺栓，确保柱间距≤4m且基础顶面高于地面10cm防积水。

　　According to the design of independent column foundation and ground beam, pour C30 concrete foundation, embed M30 anchor bolts, ensure that the column spacing is ≤ 4m and the top surface of the foundation is 10cm above the ground to prevent water accumulation.

　　支架安装

　　bracket installation

　　立柱垂直度校正（误差≤3mm/m）；

　　Column verticality correction (error ≤ 3mm/m);

　　拱架吊装并紧固螺栓（扭矩≥220N·m）；

　　Arch lifting and tightening bolts (torque ≥ 220N · m);

　　导轨安装水平度校准（±5mm/10m）。

　　Horizontal calibration of guide rail installation (± 5mm/10m).

　　三、骨架结构搭建

　　3、 Skeleton structure construction

　　主体框架

　　main framework

　　采用热镀锌钢管或铝合金搭建拱形桁架，纵向导轨与支架连接，确保结构稳定性。

　　Use hot-dip galvanized steel pipes or aluminum alloys to construct arched trusses, with longitudinal guide rails connected to brackets to ensure structural stability.

　　伸缩机构安装

　　Installation of telescopic mechanism

　　安装电动/手动开关控制的伸缩臂，需预测试延伸长度并固定。

　　Install the telescopic arm controlled by electric/manual switch, and pre test the extension length and fix it.

　　四、覆盖系统安装

　　4、 Covering system installation

　　材料选择

　　Material selection

　　顶部采用PO膜（透光率92%、寿命5年）或防虫网（40目）；

　　The top is made of PO film (with a light transmittance of 92% and a lifespan of 5 years) or insect proof mesh (40 mesh);

　　填充材料根据需求选择保温/隔音材料。

　　Choose insulation/sound insulation materials according to the requirements for filling materials.

　　组件固定

　　Component fixation

　　固定件通过膨胀螺栓安装于立柱，确保伸缩臂与支架连接牢固；

　　The fixed components are installed on the column through expansion bolts to ensure a secure connection between the telescopic arm and the bracket;

　　遮阳布预处理后悬挂于伸缩臂，调整水平或适当高度。

　　After pre-treatment, hang the sunshade cloth on the telescopic arm and adjust it to a horizontal or appropriate height.

　　五、验收与维护

　　5、 Acceptance and maintenance

　　检查

　　comprehensive inspection

　　检查支架、伸缩臂、覆盖材料固定情况，确保无松动或变形；

　　Check the fixing condition of the bracket, telescopic arm, and covering material to ensure that there is no looseness or deformation;

　　测试防雨/防雹功能（如果园棚需通过模拟测试）。

　　Test the rain/hail prevention function (if the shed needs to pass simulation testing).

　　后期维护

　　post-maintenance

　　定期清洁遮阳布，避免悬挂重物，及时维修机械故障。

　　Regularly clean the sunshade cloth, avoid hanging heavy objects, and promptly repair mechanical failures.

　　注意事项 ：若涉及复杂结构（如全自动避雨棚），建议聘请人员施工。

　　Attention: If complex structures are involved (such as fully automatic rain shelters), it is recommended to hire professional personnel for construction.

　　伸缩棚的维护周期主要取决于使用频率和维护方式，具体如下：

　　The maintenance cycle of the retractable shed mainly depends on the frequency of use and maintenance method, as follows:

　　基础维护周期

　　Basic maintenance cycle

　　日常维护 ：若全年使用，建议每6个月对伸缩棚进行防锈漆涂刷，以保护金属支架免受氧化。

　　Daily maintenance: If used throughout the year, it is recommended to apply anti rust paint to the retractable shed every 6 months to protect the metal brackets from oxidation.

　　活动部件保养 ：需定期涂抹油脂或黄油，确保活动关节顺畅。

　　Maintenance of moving parts: Regular application of grease or butter is required to ensure smooth movement of the joints.

　　维护有效期

　　Maintain validity period

　　在正确使用和定期维护的前提下，伸缩棚可维持5-7年使用寿命。若维护不当，实际寿命可能缩短。

　　Under proper use and regular maintenance, the retractable shed can maintain a service life of 5-7 years. If not maintained properly, the actual lifespan may be shortened.

　　特殊环境维护

　　Special environment maintenance

　　风力较大时，需将伸缩棚卷起固定，避免支架变形。

　　When the wind is strong, the retractable shed needs to be rolled up and fixed to avoid deformation of the support.

　　总结 ：常规使用下，伸缩棚维护周期为半年一次（防锈漆）+ 活动部件定期保养，总有效期约5-7年。

　　Summary: Under normal use, the maintenance cycle of the retractable shed is once every six months (with anti rust paint)+regular maintenance of the moving parts, with a total effective period of about 5-7 years.

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